想DIY自己組裝電腦？必看的選購硬體知識

Actually, building your own computer is not as difficult as you might imagine, and building your own computer also allows you to choose the specifications of the equipment you want more specifically, making it more customized to meet your needs. Therefore, more and more people choose to build their own computers, but they often get stuck on how to choose.

因此若你是一個自己DIY組裝電腦的新手，那非常推薦您可以看看我們整理出來的相關選購建議及知識，相信可以幫助想要自己組電腦的你，更清楚如何選出適合的硬體設備！

自己組一台桌上型電腦所需的硬體

本次介紹的組裝是以一台作業系統為Windows 11 的桌上型電腦，其「必要」的硬體設備來說，我們可以分為以下要採購的類別：

Central Processing Unit (CPU)	「低階文書機」可採用約 Core i3-13xxx 左右 「中階工作機」建議採用 Core i5-13xxx 左右 "High-performance machines" recommend Core i5, i7, or higher (For example, 13 is the 13th generation)
Motherboard (MB)	You can choose ASUS or HUAWEI motherboards
Memory (RAM)	「低階文書機」可採用 8G "Medium workstation" can use 16G "High performance machine" recommends 32G
Traditional hard disk HDD (HD)	Recommended to purchase at least 1TB capacity, warranty at least two years or more
固態硬碟 SSD (HD)	- Recommended to purchase at least 512GB capacity, warranty at least two years or more – 建議可選購 金士頓、美光、WD
Power supply (POWER)	"Low-end word processor" recommendations at 450W "Mid-range workstation" recommended to use 550W 80 Plus "High-performance machines" recommend 650W 80 Plus or higher
CASE	Choose a case that is easy to install and at least has one rear fan attached

Central processor

The central processing unit (CPU) is the most important component in a computer system and is often one of the most expensive parts. Its primary function is to execute instructions and process data in computer software, much like the heart and brain of a human body.

備註：
Remember, it is important to choose the CPU first, then select the motherboard, as the two complement each other. Different CPUs require different motherboards. If you are too lazy to check the specifications or do not understand them, it is recommended to choose the CPU first and let the manufacturer or store help you with the matching.

Motherboard

Motherboard (English: Motherboard), also known as a motherboard, system board, motherboard, bottom board, etc., the main component is the chipset; the chipset provides a common platform for the motherboard to connect different devices and control the communication between different devices.

備註：
市面上常見的主機板廠牌有「華碩、技嘉、微星、華擎」，其中ASUSMost often, these are higher-end and more expensive boards, andHuaweiMainly sell cheaper boards.

Memory

Random Access Memory (RAM) is also known as main memory. Its primary function is to exchange data directly with the CPU. It has a fast read and write speed and is typically used as a temporary data storage medium for the operating system or other programs currently in execution. Because it is a temporary data storage medium, it disappears when the system is shut down.

備註：
以市面上來說，記憶體主流規格為 DDR 5，因此現在買的主機板都是搭配 DDR 5 較多，容量建議至少都要上到 8G；如果想要上到 16G 以上，建議可購買兩條跑雙通道，也就是 8G*2，32G 以上就是 16G*2。

hard drive

硬碟（英文：Hard Disk Drive，簡稱：HDD）是專門負責電腦上的資料讀取及寫入；

Data writing: is a way of writing data by changing the polarity by electromagnetic flow through a magnetic head very close to the magnetic surface; data reading: is a way of reading data by the magnetic field of the disk itself causing the electrical signal in the reading coil to change when the magnetic head passes over the top of the disk;

硬碟的讀寫可以讀取任意順序的資料，但因讀取位置不同，速度也不相同；如果要採購硬碟，建議容量至少要上到 1 TB【1000 GB】以上，品牌保固至少也要兩年以上，其他依據個人喜好選擇就可以了。

固態硬碟

Solid-state drives (SSDs) are computer storage devices primarily composed of flash memory as a form of non-volatile storage. SSDs were not widely available or affordable when early computers were developed, and they did not replace traditional hard drives in terms of market share. However, the widespread availability of SSDs at more affordable prices has made them an attractive option for purchasing computer components. Therefore, when selecting components for a computer, it is recommended to consider purchasing and using SSDs in combination with traditional hard drives.

以目前市面上常見的廠牌有：intel、Plextor 、創見、WD、金士頓、美光、威剛等，其平均讀寫速度大約都落在 450 – 500 m/s ，大約都比傳統硬碟快上三倍以上，建議只需要在挑選時，找有保固兩年以上的即可。

Power supply

The power supply is also a very important part of a computer. From my experience with repairs, it is one of the first parts to fail or need replacement. Therefore, it is important to purchase a good power supply to ensure stable power output for your computer.

文書機的話可選購 450W 即可，但若是有考率使用規格好一點的 CPU i5 以上，或是會加裝獨立顯示卡來玩遊戲的話，可選購 550W 以上。（甚至可買有標示 80 Plus 的，但價格較高）

機殼

The parts of the case have relatively few influencing factors, and basically, when choosing, as long as you choose one that is relatively easy to install, and at least has one rear fan, and has space that is easy to expand, you can do it.

1. Some cases are beautiful, but not easy to install, expand, maintain, and upgrade, which may cause some trouble.
2. 主機板因為有分大板、中板、小板，因此在挑選機殼時，還要稍微配合主機板的大小，否則買到較小的機殼，可能無法安裝大板的主機板上去喔…

Other customizable hardware for a PC build

• 獨立顯示卡：打遊戲、美工、繪圖、剪片等製作建議購買。
• Water-cooled fan, tower fan (both have different effects, and water-cooled requires some assembly skills)
• Monitors: Choose your preferred screen size and brand.
• 音效卡
• 網路卡
• 擴充卡
• 防毒軟體

Basically, it depends on how you plan to use the computer after assembly and your budget. Additionally, consider whether it is necessary to purchase these items.